What are the non-linguistic means of expression?.. and their advantages.. and their disadvantages 

non-verbal means of expression

Scientific research on non-verbal and linguistic communication began with the publication in 1872 of Charles Darwin's book entitled "The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals". They are often so subtle that we are not consciously aware of them. Non-linguistic or non-verbal expression is considered one of the most effective means of communication. It includes a wide range of behaviors and gestures that are often important or powerful enough to convey meaning without using words. It includes several means and behaviors, the most important of which are :

• face features

Facial expressions are responsible for a large proportion of non-verbal communication. For example, several meanings and expressions can be conveyed by just a smile or a frown, as the appearance on a person's face is often the first thing we see even before we hear what they say. While communication Non-linguistic expressions can vary widely between cultures, but facial expressions of joy, sadness, fear, etc. are similar across the world.

• gestures

Intentional movements and gestures are a necessary way to communicate meaning without saying any words, and these gestures include waving, pointing, etc., as signs and movements of everything can indicate specific meanings between people to each other.

• Linguistics

Linguistics refers to vocal communication that is separate from actual language and includes factors such as tone of voice, loudness, inflection, intonation, etc. It is worth noting that the strong influence that tone of voice can have on the meaning of a sentence when said in a strong tone of voice may be interpreted by listeners as approval and enthusiasm as well as the same words Said in a hesitant tone of voice, it may convey disapproval and lack of interest.

Changing the tone of your voice may change the meaning of the sentence. A friend may ask you how you are and you may say “I am fine.” But the way you actually say those words can reveal a great deal about how you really feel. A cold tone of voice may indicate that you are not feeling well at all. Reality but you don't want to discuss it, a bright and cheerful tone of voice will reveal that you are doing a good job and a sad tone may indicate the opposite.

• Body language and attitude

Posture and movement can also convey a great deal of information. Body language has been significantly researched since the 1970s but the popular media has focused on overinterpreting defensive stances, arm crossing, and leg crossing, especially after the publication of Julius Fast's Body Language. These non-verbal behaviors can indicate feelings and attitudes. Research indicates that body language is more subtle and less specific than previously thought.

• eye looks

Eyes play an important role in non-verbal communication and things like looking, squinting, and winking are important non-verbal behaviors. When people encounter people or things they like, their eyes sparkle and pupils dilate. Looking at another person can indicate a range of emotions including hostility, interest, attraction, and more. of buried feelings.

People also use eye gaze as a way to determine if a person is sincere, normal and steady eye contact is often seen as a sign that the person is telling the truth and is trustworthy, on the other hand deceitful eyes and inability to maintain eye contact are often seen As an indication that someone is lying or being deceitful.

• touch

Tactile communication is an important non-verbal behavior, as touch can be used to express many expressions and feelings, be it affection, familiarity, sympathy, dislike, anger, and many other emotions.

• The appearance

Choosing color, clothing, hairstyles, and other factors that affect appearance is also a means of non-verbal communication. Research in the psychology of color has shown that different colors can evoke different moods. Appearance can also alter physiological reactions, judgments, and interpretations. For example, think of all judgments. The minute you make quickly about someone based on their appearance, these first impressions matter, which is why experts suggest job seekers dress appropriately for interviews with potential employers.

Characteristics of non-linguistic means of expression

Non-linguistic means of expression may seem insignificant to some, but it is the best way to express oneself and understand others without any words at all through non-linguistic communication, where you can get to know someone's mood, emotions, and even basic needs, so non-linguistic communication has a lot of benefits. Features, the most prominent of which are:

• Provides clarity

Nonverbal communication has been around for centuries and is a method of communication that is not limited to facial expressions or body language only, it is also a way to encourage clarity in conversations especially with those who do not speak the same language and with the advent of social media nonverbal communication has become easier and more connected.

• Non-verbal communication can be an alternative to linguistic communication

A non-verbal message conveys the same meaning as a linguistic message for example if a person is visibly upset then their face should show this emotion, it is also necessary for people to be aware of the extent of non-verbal communication that is going on around them so that they can adjust accordingly.

• Help the illiterate

For the illiterate, language communication is not an option because they do not know how to read, so non-verbal communication is beneficial for them, but their communication is limited to the use of actions and gestures.

• Helping the disabled

Communication is a big part of life and yet it is difficult to communicate with some people who are not able to speak, read lips or hear well, language communication may be difficult for these individuals as well even when it is as simple as asking for directions, but it is worth noting that non-linguistic communication is The most popular form of communication and can help people with special needs.

• Effective and effective

Non-verbal communication is often more effective than verbal communication because we unconsciously tend to pay more attention to non-verbal facial expressions, tone of voice, and body language.

• Message transmission speed

Language is one of the most important things to communicate with others, especially in the work environment, and by means of non-linguistic communication, messages can be transmitted quickly and more effectively than the transmission of language messages. In addition, non-linguistic communication is a powerful way to communicate with others, as non-linguistic messages can be used to express what you think in it or feel it without having to talk about it.

• It reduces wasting time

Language communication can be a time consuming activity especially when trying to convey complex messages or intentions. This is because language communication requires more effort than non-linguistic communication but it is also time-saving and easier for others to understand.

Disadvantages of non-linguistic means of expression

Non-linguistic communication is a large part of our daily life, whether it is at work or with family or friends, as it can help us express what we want to say and how we feel, but despite that it is not without flaws, and the most prominent of these flaws are:

• imprecise and vague

It is true that non-linguistic communication is poor at conveying specific information and often leaves people in a state of uncertainty. It is also less subtle than language communication, which can increase the chances of misinterpretation of what a person means.

• Long conversations are not possible

Non-verbal communication is often used to communicate, so verbal language can be saved for what matters most, but people who have difficulty understanding or expressing themselves verbally often use body language or facial expressions to get their point across. However, non-verbal messages can only convey what they want to deliver it at the moment and can't keep up with the flow of dialogue between two people.

• Meaning varies across cultures

Verbal communication is much easier to understand because it is explained in words. Non-verbal communication is often the opposite and can be difficult to understand. For example, a hand sign where the index finger touches the thumb while forming an “O” indicates “okay” or “thumbs up” in the culture However, this same sign has a pejorative meaning in other cultures, particularly in South America.

• Information may be distorted

Non-verbal communication is very complex and depends heavily on visual cues, one of the main challenges of non-verbal communication is that it can be misinterpreted which can lead to misinterpretation in language communication in addition to that non-verbal cues can also be confused with eachother.